- Britannica Online Encyclopedia - Black Sea :: Economic Aspects - City

Black Sea :: Economic aspects -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia


Although Austria is landlocked, its shipyards build vessels for Austria and for other countries. Conservation and antipollution measures have included the banning of dolphin fishing, enacted by Soviet authorities in 1966, as well as restrictions on oil tankers and the disposal of industrial wastes. Constanța, in Romania, connects oil-bearing regions with foreign markets. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.08 May. In Bulgaria, Varna and Burgas are the main ports. Istanbul on the Sea of Marmara is Turkey’s main port, while the Danube acts as a huge trade artery for the Balkan countries.Fish constitute the most widely utilized biological resource of the Black Sea. It is among the most visited reserves in Ukraine, the attractions including many species of waterfowl, and is the only breeding ground in Ukraine of the gull Larus melanocephalus. It was across its waters that, according to legend,... Known as limans, these bodies of water form at the mouths of rivers or ephemeral streams and are blocked off by... Larger saline lakes occur along the coast. Odessa, the historic Ukrainian city, together with the nearby port of Illichivsk, account for most of the sea’s freight turnover. One of the largest is Lake Svityaz, 11 square miles in area, in the northwest. Small saltwater lakes occur in the Black Sea Lowland and in the Crimea. The Black Sea coastline is otherwise fairly regular. The Danube Water Meadows (Plavni) reserve (36,600 acres)... The grassy steppe vegetation has been preserved only in the nature reserves and preserves and in old ravines...physiography of Ukraine Ukraine...lakes, all of them small and most of them scattered over the river floodplains. The lower Dnieper basin lies within the Black Sea Lowland, in the black-soil steppe area, which has now been completely plowed up. The maximum east-west extent of the sea is about 730 miles (1,175 km), and the shortest distance between the tip of the Crimea and the Cape Kerempe to the south is about 160 miles (260 km). The ports of Novorossiysk and, to a lesser extent, Tuapse (both in Russia) and Batumi (Georgia) farther to the east specialize in petroleum. The principal tributaries of the middle Dnieper are the Ros, Sula, Pesl, Vorskla, and Samara. The renowned Crimean Peninsula thrusts into the Black Sea from the north, and just to its east the narrow Kerch Strait links the sea to the smaller Sea of Azov. The sandy beaches of Bulgaria and Romania also have attracted an increasing number of tourists.Citations MLA Style: "Black Sea." Encyclopædia Britannica. The surface area, excluding the Sea of Marmara but including the Sea of Azov, is about 178,000 square miles (461,000 square km); the Black Sea proper occupies about 163,000 square miles (422,000 square km). The young of the black sea bass (Centropristis striata) are mostly females with normal egg-laying functions; after five years, however, some of these females transform into functional males.